If you're very observant, then yes, you can tell! I did a few months of experimentation on this, only to accidentally confirm my belief when something happened a few days ago that straight up told me that somebody in particular was viewing my profile. It was so funny! Unfortunately, this only works with SOME profile friends. If someone you haven't interacted with or someone new views your profile, there's really no way you can tell (unless they comment or make it obvious) since those factors also play into who shows up in your old profile left sidebar / new timeline top 6 friends box.
You have to be VERY observant, recognize certain patterns and things, and know what to look for to "get the hints." Not EVERYONE who shows up actually views your profile, and I had one person who constantly showed up for about 6 months who I know for sure wasn't looking at my profile, but a few others, I could tell what days (and somewhat the times) they viewed my page. At first, it was harder to tell, but these days, the people I'd expect are showing up much more often and those other random folks are pretty much no longer showing up anymore.
Source(s):
Few months of experimentation and a recent incident that confirmed my suspicions.